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After hours incubation Post Date: Fri, 1 Aug 2008 23:49:51 +0000 The bran is mixed in a rotatory drum with an antiseptic and a requisite amount of warm water, and is gelatinized by live steam. After cooling, the mass is inoculated with spores of Asprgillus oryzae, acclimatized to the antiseptic used, and cool air is passed through the drum to prevent excessive heating. After hours incubation the koji is finished. Autor of the post: Undefined This substance has been extensively Post Date: Fri, 1 Aug 2008 23:36:16 +0000 The types of antiseptics suitable for the suppression of in- Chloral hydrate, chloroform, clove oil, formalin, potassium cyanide, mercuric chloride, sodium fluoride, sodium benzoate, salicylic acid, toluene, and xylol were all found unsuitable. By extracting the koji with water and precipitating the extract with alcohol, for which purpose Sherman and Tan- berg 58 recommended a strength of 60 to 65 per cent, by volume, the active enzyme is obtained in dry form. This substance has been extensively investigated during the last decade. Autor of the post: Undefined A fuller account Post Date: Fri, 1 Aug 2008 23:16:49 +0000 A review of the more important literature is given in the following lines. Takamine states that taka-diastase is a mixture of several enzymes, the amylase being considerably more resistant to acids than malt diastase and more stable on storage. A fuller account of the various enzymes present in taka-diastase is given by Wohlgemuth, who identified amylase, maltase, trypsin, rennet, erepsin, lipase, and haemolysin all the enzymes of the pancreatic juice except peptolytic enzymes. Autor of the post: Undefined The experimental data Post Date: Fri, 1 Aug 2008 22:57:42 +0000 He found that one gram of taka-diastase contained as much trypsin as 10 of active pancreatic juice. In addition to the above enzymes Nishimura records the presence in taka- diastase of sacoharase, protease, lactase, oatalase, inulase, sulphatase, and amidase. The experimental data of a number of investigations support the view that the amylase of taka- diastase is a mixture of depolymerising and saccharifying enzymes. Autor of the post: Undefined 62 They found that Asprgillus Post Date: Fri, 1 Aug 2008 22:44:26 +0000 Thus Sherman and Tanberg record that the amyloclastic enzyme is considerably more active than that of the best malt amylase, while the saccharifying enzyme is less active than that of malt amylase. Expressed in figures, Waks- man 61 gives the ratio of amyloclastic to saccharifying enzymes A comparative study of the hydrogen ion concentration ranges of taka-diastase or rather of the amylase of Asper- gittus oryzae malt amylase, and pancreas amylase was under- taken by Sherman, Thomas, and Baldwin. 62 They found that Asprgillus amylase was active between the pH values of as fixed and typical for this particular enzyme. Autor of the post: Undefined The resistance of taka-diastase Post Date: Fri, 1 Aug 2008 22:25:37 +0000 According to Chrzaszcz, Bid in ski, and Krause, 63 they will vary with the prevailing temperature, with the protective action of the starch, and with the presence or absence of substances acting as buffers. Conditions, these writers found, which are un- favourable to the action of amylase activity shifted the hydrogen ion concentration towards the alkaline side of the neutral point, while favourable conditions moved jit towards the acid side. The resistance of taka-diastase to acids is emphasized by Okada, who states that the enzyme regains its former activity on neutralization after having been kept for some time at a pH value not exceeding that which usually obtains in the The temperature range for polyzime , another preparation of the enzymes of Aspergillus oryzae, was investigated by Takamine jun. Autor of the post: Undefined The action of electrolytes Post Date: Fri, 1 Aug 2008 22:09:16 +0000 and Oshima. 65 They record a maximum less it could be kept for six months in a closed vessel without any loss of activity. The action of electrolytes on the enzymes of Aspergillus oryzae and on their preparations has been studied by a num- ber of investigators. Autor of the post: Undefined For the protection Post Date: Fri, 1 Aug 2008 21:56:27 +0000 Effront 66 finds that phosphates and aluminium salts have an accelerating action, and he has noted a similar action by asparagin. Sodium chloride and potassium chloride had no action on the enzymes in Sherman and Tanbergs experiments, while acid phosphates accelerated, and alkaline phosphates re- tarded, the activity of taka-diastase. For the protection of the enzymes on storage Kita recommended concentrated solutions of sodium chloride. Autor of the post: Undefined r to that of malt diastase Post Date: Fri, 1 Aug 2008 21:43:49 +0000 Calcium salts in Kita and Kyotos experiments accelerated the amyloclastic enzyme but sometimes retarded the saccharifying enzyme. Under optimum conditions taka-diastase converts from sugars maltose and glucose, and attains a degree of conversion therefore Himi1a.r to that of malt diastase. Autor of the post: Undefined For the quantitative determination Post Date: Fri, 1 Aug 2008 21:26:10 +0000 Taken in large excess, however, Nishimura 69 found that an extract from Apergillus oryzae, and therefore presumably also taka- diastase, was able to hydrolyse 95 per cent, of the available starch, irrespective of whether a complement (Pringsheim and Otto ) was present or not. The incomplete conversion of the starch by taka-diastase under ordinary conditions is therefore perhaps not caused by the absence of a complement, but may be due to the accumulation of reducing sugars and even of saccharose of the hydrolysis in proportion to their concentration. For the quantitative determination of the diastatio power of taka-diastase a number of methods have been recom- mended. 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| 2442 | 2443 | 2444 | 2445 | 2446 | 2447 | 2448 | 2449 | 2450 | 2451 | 2452 | 2453 | 2454 | 2455 | 2456 | 2457 | 2458 | 2459 | 2460 | 2461 | 2462 | 2463 | 2464 | 2465 | 2466 | 2467 | 2468 | 2469 | 2470 | 2471 | 2472 | 2473 | 2474 | 2475 | 2476 | 2477 | 2478 | 2479 | 2480 | 2481 | 2482 | 2483 | 2484 | 2485 | 2486 | 2487 | 2488 | 2489 | 2490 | 2491 | 2492 | 2493 | 2494 | 2495 | 2496 | 2497 | 2498 | 2499 | 2500 | 2501 | 2502 | 2503 | 2504 | 2505 | 2506 | 2507 | 2508 | 2509 | 2510 | 2511 | 2512 | 2513 | 2514 | 2515 | 2516 | 2517 | 2518 | 2519 | 2520 | 2521 | 2522 | 2523 | 2524 | 2525 | 2526 | 2527 | 2528 | 2529 | 2530 | 2531 | 2532 | 2533 | 2534 | 2535 | 2536 | 2537 | 2538 | 2539 | 2540 | 2541 | 2542 | 2543 | 2544 | 2545 | 2546 | 2547 | 2548 | 2549 | 2550 | 2551 | 2552 | 2553 | 2554 | 2555 | 2556 | 2557 | 2558 | 2559 | 2560 | 2561 | 2562 | 2563 | 2564 | 2565 | 2566 | 2567 | 2568 | 2569 | 2570 | 2571 | 2572 | 2573 | 2574 | 2575 | 2576 | 2577 | 2578 | 2579 | 2580 |