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In addition to the decomposition Post Date: Tue, 29 Jul 2008 16:52:44 +0000 Like the types studied by Strecker and by Fitz, von Freudenreich and Jensens propionic acid bacteria, Bact. acidi propionici a and b and Ba acidi propionici (a non- spore-forming rod but longer than the two other species), decomposed the lactic acid, previously formed from lactose in the young cheeses by true lactic acid bacteria. In addition to the decomposition of lactic acid, two of the types of Bact. Autor of the post: Undefined acidi propionici a and b Post Date: Tue, 29 Jul 2008 16:35:52 +0000 acidi propionici isolated by von Freudenreich and Jensen were shown to be capable of fermenting lactose with the production of carbon dioxide, propionic acid and acetic acid, the last named in somewhat larger proportions than those yielded where calcium lactate was fermented. Two further types resembling Bact. acidi propionici a and b were described by ThOni and AUemann 4 under the names of Bact. Autor of the post: Undefined acidi propionici var Post Date: Tue, 29 Jul 2008 16:17:47 +0000 acidi propionic var. fuscum and Bact. acidi propionici var. Autor of the post: Undefined More recently, Whittier, Sherman Post Date: Tue, 29 Jul 2008 15:59:43 +0000 rubrum, their varietal names referring to the pigmenta- tion of their colonies. A further type inclined to zoogloea production was isolated by Troili Peterson 6 from a certain type of Swedish cheese. More recently, Whittier, Sherman and Albus 6 have studied the properties of a related type, isolated by Sherman and Shaw 7 from Emmenthaler cheese. Autor of the post: Undefined Saccharose and maltose were found Post Date: Tue, 29 Jul 2008 15:41:55 +0000 They found this type capable of fermenting both lactose and its component monoses as well as saccharose and maltose. Of these carbohydrates maltose was most readily fermented. Saccharose and maltose were found by van Niel not to be fermentable by one of the types isolated by von ITreudenreich and Jensen. Autor of the post: Undefined Most of them are short Post Date: Tue, 29 Jul 2008 15:31:45 +0000 Glycerol appears to be fermentable by all known propionic acid bacteria (van Niel ). The propionio acid bacteria are facultative anaerobes with a preference for anaerobiosis. Most of them are short, some- times cocooid, rods, von Freudenreich and Jensens Ba acidi propionici being longer. Autor of the post: Undefined Grown under conditions where oxygen Post Date: Tue, 29 Jul 2008 15:12:33 +0000 They produce yellowish-brown to red colonies under suitable conditions of growth. They do not produce endospores, are Gram positive, and in their morphology usually resemble Streptococcus lactia acidi very strikingly. Grown under conditions where oxygen can gain iccess, the cells become irregular, resembling those of Bact. Autor of the post: Undefined They all roduce propionic Post Date: Tue, 29 Jul 2008 14:53:57 +0000 adicicola found in nodules of Leguminoseae. The propionic icid bacteria, according to Sherman 9 and to van Niel, 8 are ,ypical catalase producers in spite of their reducing power owards methylene blue, which Jensen 10 found to be three imes greater than that of the lactic acid bacteria. They all roduce propionic and acetic acids from calcium lactate in In addition to the above types, which may be termed the true propionic acid bacteria, reference has been made in the litera- ture to types which are claimed to produce smaller amounts of propionic acid. Autor of the post: Undefined It is highly probable Post Date: Tue, 29 Jul 2008 14:41:27 +0000 Botkin 11 mentions one which fermented lactose with the production of butyric acid, butyl and ethyl alcohols, small amounts of acetic and formic acids, and traces of propiomc acid. Tissier and Gasching 13 describes another, Sa Tctopropylobutyricus non liquefaciens, which resembles Sa perfringens, and which is stated to produce butyric and able quantities of lactic acid. It is highly probable, as sug- gested by van Mel, that the detection of propiomc acid in the fermentation products of these types is due to misinter- pretation of analytical data. Autor of the post: Undefined The dehydrogenation of lactic acid Post Date: Tue, 29 Jul 2008 14:22:11 +0000 The ability of the propionic acid bacteria to decompose lactic acid has naturally led to this acid being regarded as on important intermediate in the fermentation of carbo- hydrates by these micro-organisms. Virtanen 13 emphasizes this function of lactic acid, and considers that the hexose which, is finally converted into acetic and propionic acids is first dehydrogenated into lactic acid, and the latter subse- quently converted into a mixture of the two volatile acids. The dehydrogenation of lactic acid to acetic acid and propionic acid has been studied in considerable detail by van Niel, 8 who concludes from his experimental data that the conversion occurs without the intermediate formation of acetaldehyde, since small quantities of this substance added to an active culture of propiomc acid bacteria remain essen- tially undecomposed, and are certainly not converted into acetic acid. 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| 2442 | 2443 | 2444 | 2445 | 2446 | 2447 | 2448 | 2449 | 2450 | 2451 | 2452 | 2453 | 2454 | 2455 | 2456 | 2457 | 2458 | 2459 | 2460 | 2461 | 2462 | 2463 | 2464 | 2465 | 2466 | 2467 | 2468 | 2469 | 2470 | 2471 | 2472 | 2473 | 2474 | 2475 | 2476 | 2477 | 2478 | 2479 | 2480 | 2481 | 2482 | 2483 | 2484 | 2485 | 2486 | 2487 | 2488 | 2489 | 2490 | 2491 | 2492 | 2493 | 2494 | 2495 | 2496 | 2497 | 2498 | 2499 | 2500 | 2501 | 2502 | 2503 | 2504 | 2505 | 2506 | 2507 | 2508 | 2509 | 2510 | 2511 | 2512 | 2513 | 2514 | 2515 | 2516 | 2517 | 2518 | 2519 | 2520 | 2521 | 2522 | 2523 | 2524 | 2525 | 2526 | 2527 | 2528 | 2529 | 2530 | 2531 | 2532 | 2533 | 2534 | 2535 | 2536 | 2537 | 2538 | 2539 | 2540 | 2541 | 2542 | 2543 | 2544 | 2545 | 2546 | 2547 | 2548 | 2549 | 2550 | 2551 | 2552 | 2553 | 2554 | 2555 | 2556 | 2557 | 2558 | 2559 | 2560 | 2561 | 2562 | 2563 | 2564 | 2565 | 2566 | 2567 | 2568 | 2569 | 2570 | 2571 | 2572 | 2573 | 2574 | 2575 | 2576 | 2577 | 2578 | 2579 | 2580 |